Rwendo Rurefu: Maitiro Ekuti Matransformer Anopona Sei Kutakurwa Uye Kuiswa

Nhanganyaya

Kune transformer hombe ine simba, rwendo kubva kufekitori kuenda kune substation idambudziko reinjiniya pacharo. Zvichirema mazana ematani uye zvine zvikamu zvemukati zvisina kusimba, zvinhu izvi zvinosangana nenjodzi huru panguva yekufambisa—njodzi dzinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakavanzika uye kutadza kushanda nguva isati yakwana. Kunzwisisa mashandiro ekutakura transformer nekuiisa kwakakosha kune nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinofanira kuona kuti mari yadzo inosvika zvakachengeteka uye inoshanda zvakanaka.

Chikamu Chekutanga: Nzira dzekutakura uye zvipingamupinyi

Matransformer makuru anowanzo fambiswa nematrailer emumugwagwa, njanji, kana ngarava dzemugungwa, zvichienderana nedaro uye nzvimbo yacho. Pakufambisa mumugwagwa, mutoro wacho unogona kuva wakakura—imwe purojekiti ichangoburwa yaisanganisira transformer inorema mapaundi 800,000 (363-ton) inofambiswa husiku nemotokari nhatu dzevatyairi nemapurisa matanhatu, zvichitora maawa matanhatu kuti ipedzise nzira yakanyatsorongwa.

Zvirambidzo zvekumhanya zvakakosha. Mota dzekutakura vanhu dzinowanzo famba neavhareji ye40 km/awa, dzisingapfuure 60 km/awa. Zvirambidzo zvekutsvedza zvakakoshawo: axis refu yemuviri wetransformer haifanirwe kutsvedza kupfuura madhigirii gumi nemashanu, nepo axis pfupi ichiganhurirwa kumadhigirii gumi.

Matransformer mazhinji makuru anotakurwa asina mafuta kuderedza huremu. Pane kudaro, tangi rinozadzwa nenitrogen yakaoma kudzivirira kunyudzwa kwehunyoro uye kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwakanaka, kazhinji pakati pe0.01 MPa ne0.03 MPa. Kumanikidzwa uku kunofanira kutariswa nguva dzose panguva yekufamba.

Chikamu Chechipiri: Basa Rakakosha reVanodhinda Mhedzisiro

Matransformer ane ma "impact recorders" ane mativi matatu panguva yekufambisa. Midziyo iyi inogara ichiyera kuvhunduka, kudedera, uye kutsvedza pama "axes" ese, ichinyora zviitiko ne "timestamps" chaiyo. Kune matransformer ane 31,500 kVA zvichikwira, ma "impact recorders" ndiwo maitiro akajairika.

Muganho wenguva dzose wekufunga nezvawo i3 g (kuwedzera simba regiravhiti katatu). Kana zvikanganiso zvakanyorwa zvikadarika kukosha uku, kuongororwa kwemukati kunofanirwa kuitwa transformer isati yatanga kushanda. Zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvinopa nyevero dzenguva chaiyo uye data renzvimbo yeGPS, zvichibvumira kuferefetwa nekukurumidza kwekukuvara kunogona kuitika.

Pakusvika, data remuchina wekurekodha rinoongororwa pamwe chete nemugadziri, mupi wezvekutakura, uye mutengi. Rekodhi iyi inoshanda sehumbowo hwakakosha hwezvikumbiro zveinishuwarenzi uye vimbiso yemhando, ichidzivirira kukuvara kwakavanzika kwemuchina kuti kusaonekwe.

Chikamu Chechitatu: Kugamuchira uye Kuisa Nzvimbo

Pakusvika, kuongororwa kwakarongeka kunotanga. Vashandi vanoongorora kana mafuta ari kubuda, kukuvara kwemabushing nema radiator, uye vanoona kuti magwaro ese—kusanganisira mishumo yebvunzo nedata rekurekodha kwemhedzisiro—akazara.

Kune matransformer ane nitrogen, kumanikidzwa kunoongororwa basa risati ratanga. Kana mudziyo wacho wagara uripo kwenguva yakareba, kutarisirwa kwekumanikidzwa kunodiwa nguva nenguva; mimwe mitemo inorayira kuongororwa kwekumanikidzwa kwezuva nezuva.

Kuiswa kwacho kunotevera maitiro akarongwa zvakanaka. Kune matransformer anoda kuongororwa mukati (kazhinji ayo akasangana nekukanganiswa kukuru kana kuti akachengetwa kwenguva yakareba kupfuura nguva yakatarwa), mamiriro ekudzora akakosha. Hunyoro hwenzvimbo hunofanira kunge huri pasi pe75 muzana, uye mukati hahufanirwe kuratidzwa mumhepo kwenguva inopfuura nguva yakatarwa—kazhinji maawa gumi nematanhatu muhunyoro hune mwero.

Kugadziriswa kwevacuum kwakakosha pakuzadza oiri. Transformer inoiswa pasi pevacuum yakadzika kubvisa hunyoro nemhepo kubva mukupisa oiri isati yaiswa. Maitiro aya anogona kutora mazuva akati wandei: nyaya imwe yakanyorwa inoda mazuva matatu ekushandisa vacuum ichiteverwa nemazuva maviri ekuzadza pasi pevacuum.

Chikamu Chechina: Kuedza Kuisa Miedzo

Usati waisa simba, bvunzo dzakawanda dzinosimbisa mamiriro e transformer:

• Kuyerwa kwekudzivirira insulation (kunofanira kunge kuri 70 muzana yemitengo yefekitori)
• Kuyerwa kweDC resistance pamawinding ese (kusaenzana hakufanirwe kudarika 2 muzana)
• Kusimbiswa kwehuwandu hwema "turns ratio" panzvimbo dzese dzekubaya
• Kuongororwa kwemafuta etransformer (voltage yekupwanya mafuta inowanzo dikanwa pamusoro pe35 kV)
• Kuongororwa kwemhepo inodzikamisa mhepo, kazhinji uchishandisa gasi rine simba rekutarisa kana paine mvura inobuda

Mhedziso

Rwendo kubva kufekitori kuenda kune substation ndeimwe yenguva dzine njodzi huru muhupenyu hwetransformer. Kuronga kutakura kwakakodzera, kutarisa kwakasimba kwemhedzisiro, kuisa nekungwarira, uye kuyedza kwakakwana zvakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chinhu chinosvika panzvimbo yacho chakavimbika chakabva kufekitori. Kune nyanzvi dzekutenga, kunzwisisa maitiro aya kunoreva kunyora zviri nani zvirevo, kuongorora kwevatengesi vane ruzivo rwakawanda, uye pakupedzisira, hupenyu hwezvinhu hurefu.