Simba rezuva rakanyatsosimba (CSP): Imwe Tekinoroji yeSimba rezuva Rinopfuura Photovoltaics

1. Nhanganyaya kuCSP: Kuchinja kweParadigm muSimba reZuva​

 

Simba rezuva rakanyatsosimba (CSP) rinomiririra nzira yekushandura simba rezuva, yakasiyana nemaitiro echinyakare e photovoltaic (PV). Kusiyana nePV, ​​iyo inoshandura zvakananga chiedza chezuva kuita magetsi ichishandisa zvinhu zve semiconductor, CSP inoshandisa magirazi kana ma lenses kuti itarisise chiedza chezuva pane receiver, zvichigadzira kupisa kunofambisa thermodynamic cycle kuti igadzire magetsi. Kugona uku kwekuchengetedza simba rekupisa (TES) kunobvumira mafekitori eCSP kugadzira simba rinotumirwa kunyangwe panguva yehusiku kana mamiriro ekunze ane makore, zvichigadzirisa miganhu yakakosha yemasystem ePV.

 

KuJZP Energy Innovations, tinoona CSP senzvimbo inokosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi mune ramangwana, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine chiedza chezuva chakawanda. Mabasa edu eR&D anotarisa pakuvandudza matekinoroji eCSP kuti tiwedzere kushanda zvakanaka, kuderedza mitengo, uye kubatana zvakanaka nehurongwa hwesimba remagetsi hwakasanganiswa.

 

2. Matekinoroji eCore muCSP: Kubva kuLinear kuenda kuTower Systems​

 

Masisitimu eCSP anorongwa nenzira dzawo dzekutarisa maziso uye magadzirirwo ekugamuchira:

 

1. a) Vaunganidzi veMidziyo yeParabhori (PTC)​

 

Tekinoroji yeCSP yakakura kupfuura dzose, PTC inoshandisa magirazi eparabolic akareruka kuti aise chiedza chezuva pachubhu yekugamuchira ine mvura inotapurirana kupisa (HTF), yakaita semunyu wakanyungudutswa. Ichishanda patembiricha inosvika 400°C, masisitimu ePTC akanakira magadzirirwo ehybrid ane magasi echisikigo, zvichigonesa kugadzira simba rebase-load.

 

1. b) Shongwe dzeSimba reMagetsi (SPT)​

 

SPT inoshandisa magirazi akasiyana-siyana eheliostats (magirazi ekutevera) kuti aise chiedza chezuva panzvimbo yepakati pechinhu chinogamuchira chiedza pamusoro peshongwe. Nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwechiedza hunodarika 1,000×, SPT inowana tembiricha yekugamuchira ye500–1,000°C, zvichiita kuti thermodynamic ishande zvakanaka uye ienderane nemagetsi epamusoro akadai sematurbine eCO₂ anonyanya kukosha.

 

1. c) Zviratidziri zveFresnel zveLinear Fresnel (LFR)​

 

Masisitimu eLFR anoshandisa magirazi akatsetseka akarongwa muzvikamu zvakatsetseka kuderedza mari yekushandisa uku achichengetedza kushanda zvakanaka. Dhizaini yavo yemodular inokodzera mashandisirwo akaparadzaniswa, akadai sekupisa kwemaindasitiri kana kubvisa munyu.

 

1. d) Masisitimu eKusanganisa Dish

 

Masisitimu edhishi anoshandisa ndiro dzekufananidzira kuti aise chiedza chezuva pamuchina unogamuchira wakabatana neinjini yeStirling, zvichiita kuti zvibudirire zvakanyanya ne31–32%. Masisitimu aya anobudirira mukugadzirwa kwakapararira, kunyanya munzvimbo dziri kure.

 

3. Mabhenefiti emakwikwi eCSP kupfuura ePhotovoltaics​

 

Kunyange zvazvo PV ichinyanya kukosha mumisika yekugara uye yekutengeserana, CSP inopa mabhenefiti akasiyana:

 

1. a) Kubatanidzwa Kwekuchengetwa Kwesimba​

 

Masisitimu eTES eCSP, anowanzo shandisa munyu wakanyungudutswa, anogonesa simba rinotumirwa kwemaawa 6-12. Semuenzaniso, mapurojekiti eJZP ehybrid CSP-PV muMiddle East anoshandisa kuchengetedza munyu wakanyungudutswa kwemaawa masere kuti agadzirise kuwanikwa kwegrid panguva yekudiwa kwakanyanya.

 

1. b) Mashandisirwo Ekupisa Kwakanyanya​

 

Kugona kweCSP kugadzira kupisa kuri pamusoro pe500°C kunoita kuti ikodzere kushandiswa mumaindasitiri kubvisa kabhoni. JZP iri kuedza kugadzirisa hydrogen inotungamirwa neCSP, zvichideredza kuvimba nemafuta epasi.

 

1. c) Kugona Kusanganiswa​

 

Zvivakwa zveCSP zvinogona kushanda pamwe chete negasi rechisikigo kana biomass, zvichiwedzera kuchinjika. MuMorocco, nzvimbo yeJZP yeCSP inobatanidza biogas kuti iite mabasa 24/7, zvichideredza kuderedzwa kwesimba.

 

4. Matambudziko nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu paJZP​
5. a) Kuderedza Mutengo​

 

Mutengo wemagetsi wakaderera weCSP (LCOE) wakaderera kubva pa$0.36/kWh muna 2010 kusvika pa$0.11/kWh muna 2023, zvichikonzerwa nekufambira mberi mukuita magirazi akajeka uye kugara kwenguva refu kwemugamuchiri. Tekinoroji yeJZP yekuvhara magirazi ine patent inoderedza kurasikirwa kwe reflectivity ne15%, zvichideredza mari yakawanda.

 

1. b) Kukwanisa Kukura Munzvimbo Dzisina Mvura​

 

CSP inobudirira munzvimbo dzegwenga, asi matambudziko akadai sekukweshwa kwejecha achiripo. Machira eJZP ekudzivirira ngura uye masisitimu ekuchenesa magirazi anozvigadzirisa anotarisa matambudziko aya, zvichiita kuti 95% ishande munguva inotonhora.

 

1. c) Kubatanidzwa kweGridhi​

 

Kutumirwa kweCSP kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nemagetsi anogona kushandiswazve. Modhi yeJZP ye "CSP-as-a-Service" inopa mhinduro dzekuchengetera zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzerwa, zvichienzanisa magetsi anogona kushandiswazve panguva imwe chete akadai semhepo nePV.

 

5. Maonero Eramangwana: CSP Munyika Isina Kuzadzikiswa KweNet

 

Pakazosvika gore ra2050, CSP inogona kupa 25% yemagetsi epasi rose, nemapurojekiti ari kuNorth Africa uye US Southwest iri kutungamira kushandiswa. JZP iri kutanga kufambira mberi kusimbisa basa reCSP:

 

Zvigamuchire Zvinoshandisa Zvidimbu: Kutsiva munyu wakanyungudutswa nezvidimbu zveceramic kunoita kuti pave nekushanda kwe1,000°C, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwesevhisi kusvika pa50%.

 

Mafuta Ezuva Akasanganiswa: Kupisa kunobva kuCSP kuri kushandiswa kugadzira mafuta ehydrogen akasvibira uye ekugadzira, zvichipa mhinduro dzekuchengetedza simba remwaka.

 

Mashandiro Akagadziridzwa eAI: Maalgorithms ekudzidza kwemuchina anovandudza kuteverwa kweheliostat uye kuchengetwa kwekupisa, zvichiwedzera kubuda kwemhepo uku zvichideredza kushandiswa kwemvura.

 

6. Mhedziso​

 

Simba rezuva rakakamurwa rinodarika miganho yemagetsi ezuva nekubatanidza kugona kukura, kuchengetera, uye kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri. KuJZP Energy Innovations, takazvipira kusimudzira CSP kuburikidza neR&D yepamusoro, tichiona basa rayo guru mukuchinja kwenyika kuenda kusimba rinogara kwenguva refu.

 

Tibatanei mukuumba ramangwana resimba rakajeka uye risingaperi.