Kubuda Kwemafuta Mumatransformer Akanyudzwa Mumafuta: Zvisikwa Uye Zvinowanzokonzera Kuwanda Kwemazinga ePD

01 Nhanganyaya

Kubuda kwechikamu (PD) mumafuta akanyudzwa mumvura Masimba Anoshandura Chiri kuramba chiri dambudziko rinozivikanwa pasi rose muindasitiri yetransformer. Vagadziri vakawanda vakarasikirwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwakakonzerwa nePD.

Kudarika kwePD kunogona kuitika panguva yekuyedzwa kwefekitori, kuongororwa kwevamwe, kana panzvimbo dzevatengi. Kuwana masosi ePD kunowanzoita se "kuwana tsono muhuswa," zvichikonzera kugadziriswa kwemazuva kana mwedzi, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwemhando kune vagadziri kana vashandisi.

Saka, kuongorora nesainzi uye kuziva nekukurumidza zvikonzero zvePD yakawandisa kwakakosha.

02 Tsanangudzo uye Hunhu

Kunyange pasina tsananguro yepamutemo iripo, munyori anotsanangura PD seizvi:
[Kubuda kwemvura kunoitika panzvimbo dziri mukati me transformer iyo isati yakonzera kuputsika kwe insulation kana flashover pakarepo.]

Zviitiko zvePD zvinosiyana zvakanyanya asi zvine pfungwa imwe chete yakafanana:
[Kukanganisika kwemaumbirwo, zvinhu, kana kugadzirwa kwemuchina wekuputira kunokonzera kukanganiswa kwesimba remagetsi panzvimbo iyoyo kupfuura simba re dielectric panguva iyoyo, zvichikonzera kuputsika kwe ionization kunodzokororwa, kudiki-diki, uye kusingapindi.]

Muchidimbu, hunhu hwePD huri muhuwandu hwemagetsi ari munzvimbo inodarika simba rePD pakutanga.

03 Zvikonzero Zvikuru

Zvichienderana nemaitiro ePD, chero chinhu chinokonzera kuwanda kweminda yemagetsi munzvimbo inogona kukonzera PD excesances.

3.1 Nzvimbo dzePD
PD inogona kubva pa:

Zvigadziko zveBushing

 

Vachinji vepombi veOLTC/DETC

 

Vatungamiriri

 

Mawinding

 

Zvikamu zvekudzika

 

Nzvimbo dzekudzivirira/zvikanganiso zvemukati

 

Oiri yetransformer

Nzvimbo dzinonyanya kukuvadzwa:Mhepo inobuda muchinhu chinodzivirira kupisa kana kuti mabubble egasi mumafuta.
Chikonzero:Kana simba remagetsi richikwira, simba remagetsi rinoenderana ne dielectric constant (ε).

Kudzivirira pepa ε ≈ 4.4

 

Mhepo isina chinhu ε ≈ 2.0
→ Kuona mhepo isina chinhu kunowedzera simba remunda ≈2.2×.
Nesimba shoma rekupwanyika (AC ≈2kV/mm), maburi/maburi anova nzvimbo dzisina simba dzekutanga kwePD.

3.2 Mhando dzePD
Mhando dzePD dzakajairika mu Transformer Inonyudzwa muOiris:

Kubuda kwegasi

 

Kubuda kwemvura kunokonzerwa nehunyoro(kuputira mvura)

 

Kubuda kwe electrode yakapinza(mazano emagetsi ane simba guru/epasi)

 

Kubuda kwemvura kunoyangarara

 

Kubuda kwemukana wemafuta wakaita sewedge

 

Inobuda kubva muzvidimbu zvesimbi/zvinosvibisa

 

Zvikanganiso zvinonamira(glue yakawandisa/isina kunaka muma clamping plates/end rings)

Ruzivo Rukuru:

Kupfuura kwePD hakuwanzoenderana nekugadzirwa (≈0.5% mukana).
95%+ inobva mukusakwana kwezvinhu, maitiro, kana kugadzirwa kwezvinhu.

Chikonzero:Kana mavoltages (LI, LIC, SI, LTAC) ashandurwa kuita voltage yakaenzana ne1-min inomira simba (Kushandurwa kweDIL), zvese zvinopfuura PD test voltage (IVPD). Main/longitudinal insulation yakagadzirirwa mamiriro epamusoro-soro e overvoltage.

Aihwa.	Rudzi rwePD	Nzvimbo	Maitiro	Nyaya Dzakajairika
1	Kubuda kweElectrode Yakapinza	Zvikamu zvinosunga, tangi, bushing inokwira, zviteshi zvekukombamisa lead	Dunhu diki rakakombama → huwandu hwakawanda hwekuchaja → huwandu hwakanyanya hwemunda	Mabhoti asina kudzivirirwa ari pedyo nemaelectrode eHV; mipendero yakapinza pakudzivirira kwemagineti
2	Gas Bubble/Kubuda Pasina Chinhu	Mabhurumu mumafuta / maburi mu solid insulation	Chinochinja-chinja chemagetsi (ε≈1) → kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwemunda + simba shoma rekupwanyika (2kV/mm)	Vacuum isina kukwana; kuzadza mafuta nekukurumidza; kunamira kwakanyanya/kwakashata mumhete dzekupedzisira/mabhora ekuenzanisa
3	Kubuda Kwemvura Kunokonzerwa Nehunyoro	Mawindings, core insulation, leads	Hunyoro hunoderedza simba re dielectric ne60-70%	Kusaomesa zvakanaka kwemukati meimba; kusvibiswa zvakanyanya nemhepo iri pedyo panguva yekuungana
4	Kubuda Kwemvura Kunoyangarara	Dhibhodhi rekudzvanya, rutsigiro rwemutobvu, magineti shunts	Kuunganidzwa kwechaji → kutenderera kweropa kamwe kamwe	Chidziviriro chemagnetic chisina kuvhurwa; mhete dzemagetsi dzisina kubatana zvakanaka
5	Kubuda Kwetsvina	Mvura/fibers/simbi zvidimbu zviri mumafuta	Kukanganiswa kwemunda + mvura inowedzera kushushikana kwemunda ne 2.9×	Kusasefa mafuta zvakakwana; mukati mayo makasvibiswa; kupinda kwehunyoro

04 Maonero

Kunzwisisa mhando dzePD dzakajairika, nzira, nzvimbo, uye zvidzidzo zvezviitiko zvakakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko zvakanangana.

Zvichibatanidzwa nenheyo dzekubatanidza transformer, dhizaini yemaumbirwo, hunhu hwePD waveform, nzvimbo ye polarity, uye bvunzo dzekuongorora, ruzivo urwu runogonesa kukurumidza kuzivikanwa kwechikonzero uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemhando.