Kunzwisisa Kumanikidzwa, Kuramba, uye Fiber Optic Thermometers

Kushanda kwakavimbika kwe Transformer Inonyudzwa muOiri Zvinonyanya kuenderana nekugadzikana kwemafuta ayo emukati anodziisa uye tembiricha dzinotenderera. Kupisa zvakanyanya ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekukwegura kwekudzivirira kupisa, kudzikira kwekushanda, uye pakupedzisira, kukundikana. Naizvozvo, kutarisa tembiricha ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha uye zvakakosha pakushanda nekugadzirisa transformer. Kubva pamadials echinyakare kusvika kumasystem emazuva ano e-fiber optic, nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwethermometer ikushanduka kwetekinoroji yekutarisa transformer kubva pakutarisa pasina kupindira kusvika pakunyevera kwekutanga.

 

Chinyorwa chino chichatsanangura zvakarongeka mhando dzema thermometer anoshandiswa pama transformer anonyudzwa mumafuta uye chichapa ongororo yakadzama yekushanda kwawo uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwawo.

 

Chitsauko 1: "Muti weMhuri" weThermometers - Kutarisa Kwakadzama Mhando Huru Dzinokosha

Zvichibva pamisimboti yekuyera nenzvimbo yekuisa, mathermometer etransformer anonyudzwa mumafuta akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvinotevera. Pamwe chete, anoumba network yekutarisa ine mativi matatu kubva pakupisa kwepamusoro kwemafuta kusvika kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzakatenderedza.

 

1. Thermometer yerudzi rwekumanikidzwa (Thermometer yekuverenga iri kure)

Nheyo yekushanda: Ichi chishandiso chekare chemakanika chakavakirwa pakuwedzera/kudhonza kwekupisa uye kutumirwa kwesimba remvura/gasi. Sisitimu iyi ine zvikamu zvitatu:

 

Babu rekupisa (Sensor): Rinoiswa mumafuta ari pamusoro petangi retransformer, rakazadzwa nechinhu chinodzivirira kupisa (semuenzaniso, mvura, gasi, kana mvura inofashaira zvishoma).

 

Chubhu yeCapillary: Chubhu refu, yakatetepa yesimbi inobatanidza girobhu nemusoro wegeji, yakazadzwa nechinhu chinotumira pressure.

 

Musoro weGauge (Chiratidzo): Wakaiswa pamadziro etangi retransformer kana kabhineti yekudzora, zvingangoita mamita kure negirobhu. Pakati payo ichubhu yeBourdon - chubhu yesimbi yakakombama, inochinjika. Kana girobhu rapisa, shanduko yekumanikidzwa kwemukati inotumirwa kuburikidza nekapipi kuenda kuchubhu yeBourdon, zvichiita kuti ishanduke. Kuchinja uku kunofambisa pointer kuburikidza nekubatanidza, zvichiratidza tembiricha.

 

Hunhu Hukuru:

 

Inoshanda nemakanika chete, haidi simba rekunze, haidi simba remagetsi, uye yakavimbika zvikuru.

 

Musoro wegeji unogona kuiswa uri kure kuti zvive nyore kuverenga munharaunda.

 

Kazhinji ine zvinhu zvinogadziriswa 1-2 zve alarm inodziya zvakanyanya uye mabasa ekumhanya.

 

Kururama uye kumhanya kwekupindura zvinononoka kana tichienzanisa nemhando dzemagetsi, uye chubhu ye capillary inogona kukuvara nekanika.

 

Mashandisirwo Akajairika: Mudziyo wekutanga wekutarisa uye wekunyevera wekupisa kwepamusoro pemafuta, chinhu chakajairika pamatransformer ese anonyudzwa mumafuta.

 

2. Chinoongorora Kupisa Kwekudzivirira (RTD, semuenzaniso, PT100)

Nheyo yekushanda: Zvichibva pane hunhu hwekuti resistance yemutyairi inochinja nekupisa. Chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa i platinum resistance thermometer, ine PT100 inoratidza resistance ye100 ohms pa0°C. Resistance yayo inochinja zvakanyatsonaka uye zvakananga nekupisa.

 

Zvikamu zveSisitimu:

 

Purobho yePlatinum RTD: Yakaiswa mutsime re thermometer riri pamusoro pe transformer, yakanyikwa mumafuta.

 

Kuyera Bridge & Transmitter: Inowanzobatanidzwa muyuniti yekudzora yakangwara. Kutenderera kwakaringana kunoyera kuramba kwePT100 uye kunoishandura kuita chiratidzo chemazuva ano che4-20mA kana chiratidzo chedhijitari.

 

Hunhu Hukuru:

 

Kunyatsoyera kwakakwirira, zviratidzo zvinogona kutapuriranwa kure kure, kudzivirira ruzha zvakanaka.

 

Kubuda kwemagetsi chiratidzo chemagetsi chakajairika, chinosanganisirwa zviri nyore nemapuratifomu e otomatiki akadai seSCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) uye DCS (Distributed Control Systems) ekutarisa ari kure.

 

Kazhinji inoiswa pamwe chete nethermometer yerudzi rwepressure, inoshanda senzira isina kushandiswa kana kuti yakanyatsojeka yekutarisa uye kunyora tembiricha yemafuta ari kure.

 

Mashandisirwo Akajairika: Inoshandiswa pakutumira magetsi ari kure uye kutarisa tembiricha yemafuta epamusoro, chinhu chikuru chezviteshi zvemazuva ano zvinozvishandira, zvisina anomutarisira.

 

3. Sisitimu yekuyera tembiricha yeFiber Optic Winding (Kuyera kwe "Hot-Spot" kwakanyatsogadzirwa)

Nheyo Yekushanda: Iyi ndiyo tekinoroji yakananga uye yepamusoro-soro pakuongorora tembiricha. Yakavakirwa pafizikisi yeFiber Bragg Gratings.

 

Sensor yeFiber Bragg Grating (FBG): Kuchinja-chinja kwe refractive index (girati) kunonyorwa muchikamu che special optical fiber uchishandisa laser. Hunhu hwayo hukuru: Chiedza chewavelength chaiyo (wavelength yeBragg) chinoratidzwa, uye wavelength iyi inoonekwa inochinja-chinja nekuchinja kwetembiricha (kana kumanikidzwa) panzvimbo yegirati.

 

Maitiro Ekuyera: Tambo yefiber optic inochinjika yakabatanidzwa nemasensa akawanda eFBG inoiswa zvakananga pakati pezvikamu zvekudzivirira zvemawindings emagetsi ane simba guru panzvimbo dzinopisa zvikuru panguva yekugadzira matransformer. Sisitimu iyi inoburitsa chiedza chebroadband, uye nekuongorora wavelength chaiyo inoonekwa kubva pagring yega yega, inogona kuwana tembiricha yakakwana panguva chaiyo uye panguva chaiyo munzvimbo dzakasiyana mukati mewinding.

 

Hunhu Hukuru:

 

Kuyera zvakananga tembiricha yenzvimbo inopisa inotenderera, kwete kufungidzira kusina kunanga. Data ndiro rechokwadi uye rakavimbika.

 

Yakachengeteka mukati: Fiber ye optical yakagadzirwa ne silica, inochengetedza kupisa, inodzivirira magetsi akawanda, uye haipindirwi ne electromagnetic interference, inoshanda zvakadzikama munzvimbo dzakasimba dze EM.

 

Kuyera kwakapararira: Faibha imwe chete inogona kugamuchira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekunzwa, zvichiita kuti pave nemepu yakazara yekupisa kwekumonereka.

 

Chinhu chikuru chinogonesa transformer "Dynamic Rating" uye kuongorora hupenyu hwese.

 

Mashandisirwo Akajairika: Matransformer makuru, akakosha (semuenzaniso, EHV, matransformer ekushandura), nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinoda manejimendi ekutarisira mutoro.

 

Chitsauko 2: Kujekeswa Kwepfungwa Huru - Tembiricha Yepamusoro-Oiri vs. Tembiricha Inotenderera

Iyi ipfungwa yakakosha uye ndiyo pokutangira pakusarudza mhando dzethermometer.

 

Tembiricha yemafuta epamusoro: Inoyera tembiricha yemafuta ari pamusoro petangi. Inoratidza mutoro wemafuta etransformer asi ine nguva yekunonoka kwekupisa. Kana mutoro uchichinja, tembiricha inotenderera inochinja nekukurumidza, ichiteverwa netembiricha yemafuta. Mathermostat erudzi rwepressure neRTD anoyera izvi.

 

Kupisa Kwenzvimbo Inopisa: Inoreva nzvimbo inopisa mutransformer yese, inowanzo kuwanikwa pamusoro pemhepo ine simba shoma. Ndiyo parameter inonyanya kukosha inosarudza mwero wekukwegura kwemhepo uye kugona kwayo kupinza simba. Nzira dzechinyakare hadzigone kuiyera zvakananga, dzichishandisa Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI) inoitevedzera/inoifungidzira ichishandisa "kupisa kwemafuta epamusoro + kugadzirisa kwemagetsi." Kuyera fiber optic ndiyo chete tekinoroji inogona kuiyera zvakananga uye nemazvo.